The House of the Future Has Arrived
Researchers at MIT are revolutionizing house design and construction so that aging Baby Boomers can grow old at home.
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By Sara Hart
Larson’s contentions are supported by both the housing industry
and related federal agencies to varying degrees. The National
Association of Home Builders (NAHB), a trade association with
200,000 members representing more than 50,000 companies who
build greater than 80 percent of all U.S. homes, and the Partnership
for Advancing Technology in Housing (PATH), an agency of the
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), are involved
in their own research.
Living laboratory. This concept rendering shows
a possible configuration of the prototype house to be
constructed at MIT. The component infrastructure will
permit hundreds of sensing components to be installed
in nearly every part of the home. These sensors will be
used to develop innovative user-interface applications.
A report issued two years ago by HUD acknowledges the crisis
in the housing industry. Prepared by the Center for Housing
Research at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
“Industrializing the Residential Construction Site” recommends
that builders industrialize production by following the example
of other manufacturing industries. Faced with global competition,
many have adopted organizational strategies called Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Such a system includes Just-in-Time
(JIT) supply, a manufacturing strategy that eliminates waste
by providing the right part at the right place at the right
time. Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA), another strategy,
reduces costs and improves quality by developing a design based
on how all the parts will be assembled or manufactured. ERPs
coordinate all these strategies with databases that can translate
a broad range of formats.
Connecting anything, anywhere. A model based on
the Chassis and Infill system was developed to test distributed-network
concepts. Beams, columns, appliances, and other elements
will have embedded computational technology whose function
will depend on the function of each element and its relationship
to the others. This model was developed by House_n graduate
students T.J McLeish, Tyson Lawrence, H. Sharkuma, and
Deva Seetharam.
Larson’s main criticism with these tepid improvements is that “all result in environments that are difficult and disruptive to change over time. They do not easily accommodate new and rapidly evolving technologies or customization demanded by the baby boomers. They also do not easily accommodate the many new products being developed by building companies that are trying to make the transition from commodity suppliers to providers of systems and services. Panelized and modular methods of construction are only suited for new construction, and not for the important renovation and interior fit-out market.”